The English writer counts – especially as a dramatist – the greatest writers of all time. His creative power of language, his mastery of design in psychological characterization of the people and its development in the literary form and establish its importance over time his reputation as a dramatist. The characters in his later pieces are characterized by a psychological representation which is made clear in a pictorial language as poetic genius. His literary characters and tales follow very much contemporary and historical models. His historical dramas such as “King John” (1595/96), his comedies like “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” (1595/96) and “The Merchant of Venice” (1596), his romances like “A Winter’s Tale” (1609) and his tragedies “Romeo and Juliet “(1595),” Othello “(1604) or” King Lear “(1605) highlight highlights of world literature …William Shakespeare was probably on 23 Born April 1564.
He was baptized at the church, according to register 26 April 1564 in Stratford-on-Avon, Warwickshire. His father, John Shakespeare, was a farmer and merchant who was a councilor in 1565 and later elected to the city manager. The mother, Mary Arden of Wilmcote, came from an ancient but impoverished nobility. Shakespeare went to Stratford in the Latin school, which was free, because the maintenance has been funded by the district. His education was referring mainly as was customary in the Latin language, poetry and history. He did not attend a university. Already at the age of 18 he married Anne Hathaway (1556-1623). On 26 May 1583 his daughter Susanna was baptized in Stratford. On 2 February 1585 Hamnad his twins and Judith. His only son died at the age of 11 Hamnad years.
Shakespeare went to London, but, is not the exact time of its settlement announced. It is not certain what work he initially pursued there. In records state that he worked as a schoolmaster and other ancillary services. In 1592 he is listed there as an actor. In the same year he was the playwright Graham Greene mentioned as the “crow that is adorned with our fine hair.” Shakespeare has already stirred up over that time by his rise as a poet’s envy in those circles. In the center of London, he knows how to make vital connections. The friend, Henry Wriothesley, 3rd Earl of Southampton, 1593 and 1594 he devoted the first published erotic small epic poems like the “Venus and Adonice” and “The Rape of Lucrecia”. They are first signs of his masterful skill in the poetic form of the Renaissance.
In this period also saw the appearance of most of his sonnets, printed in 1609, constitute the distinctive characteristic emotional intensity and bold expression as climax of the English sonnet art. In the years 1591/92, he produced his earliest excellent drama, the three-part historical play “Henry VI.” In which he still follows the tradition of the Elizabethan revenge tragedies and horrors with the character and type of criminal scheming villains. Already in 1592/93 the resulting work, “Richard II” reveals that Shakespeare leaves this line of tradition and realized the type of characterization is no longer in atrocities, but in the cynical and sarcastic irony in their language. Shakespeare goes beyond the history of Elizabethan drama, as he no longer maintains a political and moral fundamental view, but his figures fail tragically leaves.
As of 1594, William Shakespeare as an actor is to force “Lord Chamberlain’s Men,” which may be called from 1603 “King’s Men.” As a playwright, he brings the troupe to fame, her theater “Globe”, of which there were five or six “play houses” were fixed as venues in London, is the most vital venue. It was played in it from 1599. Shakespeare was also a stakeholder in this private playhouse, which occupies its economic destiny. His prosperity and demonstrates the leading one’s own, 1596 approved family coat of arms. In his plays as dramas, tragedies, comedies and fairy tale plays, he demonstrates his unique genius of pictorial expression, linguistic diversity, psychological depth, poetic imagination and, above all, the theatrically effective treatment of human and historical conflicts.
The pieces combine both exciting range of literary elements of the tragic pathos of the grotesque to the finest comic character drawing. Following the sample of the report develops the plot and the characters of Shakespeare, which he adapts language and realistic situations. In both parts of “Henry IV” revealed additional performance of Shakespeare’s plays in the development, which he designed to be open, by adding elements of comedy. His dramatic work is divided into three parts, the dates are uncertain. The first section up to the year 1594 contains, among other things, “Henry VI.” and “Richard III.”. The second section extends to 1601, among others, the pieces of “A Midsummer Night’s Dream,” “Much Ado About Nothing”, “how you like it” or “Twelfth Night”. The third section covers mainly tragedies, ends 1609 and includes works such as ” Hamlet, “” All’s well that ends well “,” King Lear “” Macbeth “and” Pericles. ”
The last section runs until 1613 with “Cymbeline,” “Winter’s Tale,” “The Tempest” and “Henry VIII”. Also, in the form of comedy he is developing his own style as the example of “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” shows. The setting is not only the court went from the environment into the fantasy world, but also the spiritual and psychological depth is worked out precisely. In romantic terms the reality is mirrored only moral teachings are missing on purpose. Nevertheless, the games, the threat and dangers of stoppage. Also, the “Merchant of Venice” is an example of the comedic Shakespearean theme of opposites and contradictions of life. As a writer, he also makes tragedy Unprecedented changes in the genus. In the development series is the well-known like report “Romeo and Juliet” (1595/96), in which the protagonists do not die more by revenge and charm, but fate determined by blind chance to go.
The series of fantastic tragedies raises to 1599 with “Julius Caesar” or “Antony and Cleopatra”. “Hamlet” (1600/01) and “Othello” (1603/04) are among the later tragedies of human tragedy in its theme-based world representation like melancholic despair, contempt or rigorous delusion. His tragic heroes are not delivered an elusive power that has on human life amounts to an intractable cosmic order. As late romances, some of Shakespeare’s plays known as “The Tempest” from 1611/12, the atmospheric way to tell in a fantasy world in which man’s inner contradictions. 1611 he returned to Stratford-on-Avon, where he had bought a house. There he lived until his death.
William Shakespeare died on 23 April 1616 in Stratford-on-Avon.
His works were widely translated such as the well-known edition of Christoph Martin Wieland (1762-1766), by AW Schlegel (1797-1810), continued by Dorothea Tieck and WH of Baudissin, or more recently by E. Fried (1952). His works were often filmed as “Twelfth Night”, “Romeo and Juliet,” “Othello,” “The Merchant of Venice” or “Hamlet.”
