The philologist, philosopher, humanist, theologian, textbook author, poet and Neo-Latin “Praeceptor Germaniae” (Teacher of Germany) was the driving force of the European Renovation church policy. Philipp Melanchthon joined the Renovation movement of Martin Luther and became its most vital employees. He wrote in the year 1520/21 under the title “main points” a summary of Luther’s doctrine of justification. He was involved in several religious discussions. 1530, he wrote to the “Augsburg Declaration” and an apology. With his kind, he was mediating the development and acceptance of the Renovation …
Philipp Melanchthon was on 16 February 1497 born son of George Kurpfälzisches Weaponsmith Schwartzerd in Bretten.
His delivery Melanchthon means Gräcisierung his German surname Schwar (t) zerd, which introduced already by 1510th With the death of his father in 1507 went with his grandmother Melanchthon to Pforzheim. There he attended the Latin School. The grandmother was a sister of the humanist, scholar and writer Johannes Reuchlin. Philipp Melanchthon in 1509 started studying at the University of Heidelberg. During this time he gave private lessons noble sons. In 1512 he left Heidelberg and went to Tübingen. There he met John Reuchlin again as a teacher, the fantastic influence exercised on him.
Melanchthon graduated in 1514 with his degree of Master doctorate. Even during his time in Tübingen he wrote a grammar and provided forewords to several textbooks. 1518 Philipp Melanchthon followed a call by the Saxon Elector, Frederick the Wise to the newly founded University of Wittenberg. The appeal came at the recommendation of the vote against Reuchlin and Martin Luther. Melanchthon was professor of Greek and Hebrew held. In his inaugural address he spoke about reforms in the study, which he associated with the humanist thoughts and the approach to the Bible. Melanchthon, Luther’s thoughts were well received. From the year 1518 he represented the Reformed theology. The following year, Melanchthon took the side of Martin Luther attended the colloquy in Leipzig.
During this time he gained his doctorate with the theologian and humanist Johann Agricola baccalaureus biblicus. 1521 was the publication “Loci communes”, in German: “main points”, as the summary of Luther’s doctrine of justification, the first Protestant theology, which emerged from Melanchthon presents lectures on the Roman letters. The theologian and pedagogue Melanchthon strove always to combine the two disciplines together. From this try, the study handbook was titled “Ratio discendi”. In the period 1522-1525 published writings Melanchthon religious education such as catechisms. Melanchthon mediating kind especially during the Renovation period documented by the fact that he connects to Erasmus of Rotterdam held upright while Luther broke because of theological disagreements.
In the period 1525 to 1528 led Philipp Melanchthon, a national organization of churches and schools in the Electorate of Saxony. Thereafter he devoted himself to the foundation of new school systems. At the same time he represented the electorate of Saxony and the Protestant Estates at diets as in Speyer and Augsburg, and in religious discussions such as Worms and Regensburg. Melanchthon wrote in 1530 that “the Augsburg Confessions,” as an evangelical declaration and the “Apology of the Augsburg Declaration.” As credit for his achievements in the field of university and school reform, which was marked by humanistic thought, Philipp Melanchthon was awarded the honorary title of “preceptor Germaniae”, in German: “teacher of Germany,” brilliant.
Among his merits is the introduction of religious instruction in the general education system. Melanchthon, the Protestant Renovation paved way mediating movement many ways. On the other hand, they carried him the hostility of radical reformers such as the question of the Eucharist. Among other services including Melanchthon, that he wrote the first Protestant catechism and the Renovation in Europe took on an ecumenical basis.
Philipp Melanchthon died on 19 April 1560 in Wittenberg. The 19th April was raised to the Protestant memorial to Philipp Melanchthon.
