Novalis

Was Georg Philipp Friedrich von Hardenberg on 2 May 1772, the son of Heinrich Ulrich Erasmus von Hardenberg (1738-1814) and his wife Bernardine Auguste, born of Bölzig (1749-1818) was born.

His father was director from 1784 to the salt mines in Saxon Thuringia. Novalis was educated in the pietistic faith. As early as 1788 he wrote his first poems and in 1789 was followed by narrative poems and translations. In the same year he met Gottfried Dignified Burger know in Langendorf at Weissenfels. From 1790 to 1794 he studied law in Jena, Leipzig and Wittenberg. During his studies in 1791 he published the poem “Complaints of a young man” in the “New German Merkus”. Novalis heard this year in the history of Jena lectures of Friedrich Schiller. The following year he met Friedrich Schlegel know in Leipzig.

With university he worked as an intern in Tennstedt. On 17 November 1794 where he met Sophie von Kühn, with whom he became engaged in 1795 informally. In the summer, he met Johann Gottlieb Fichte and Friedrich Hölderlin. Then he started Fichte’s “Knowledge Teaching” to study. From 1795 to 1796, Novalis joined the so-called Jena Romantics, among whom were the brothers Dignified Wilhelm and Friedrich Schlegel, Dorothea Veit, Caroline Schlegel, Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling, Ludwig Tieck, and others. Increase in this group “symphilosophierten” the participants, the effect of philosophical knowledge in the community.

This type of knowledge acquisition at different levels was a feature of the early Romantic period, such as extensive connection between feelings, dreams, facts and rationality in personalities such as Novalis and his work reveals. From 1796 was Novalis Akzessist in Saline Directorate in Weissenfels. He was visited in this time of Friedrich Schlegel, followed by reciprocal visits. On 19 Died March 1797 Sophie von Kühn. Her death affected the literary work of Novalis. On 18 April 1797 he started working on the “Journal” and in the summer, he met with Dignified Wilhelm Schlegel and Caroline. At the end of the year he met Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schlegel in Leipzig, and he started to supplement their studies at Freiberg Mining Academy of there for his scientific knowledge.

In Freiberg, he had made contact with the feed-known Academy Professor Abraham Gottlob Werner, Novalis, whose character in his most well-known work, “Henry of Ofterdingen” suggestive. For the poet, the teacher was a successful combination of scientific research spirit and dedication to the wonder and untreated phenomena, like a child. But Novalis himself was a colorful figure in this regard – a hand full of mysticism, on the other hand, a scientific education. This ambivalence was revealed in early romantic “symphilosophy”. On 22 January 1798 was the poem “The Weirder” was released. In March this year, he visited with Dignified Wilhelm Schlegel, Goethe and Schiller in Weimar, Jena.

A month later he published his first vital work, the fragment pool “pollen” in the journal “Athenaeum” under his well-known pen name Novalis. The name is derived from the name of an grown-up lineage, Roden, and Latinized and interpreted as “one who ordered the new territory.” Novalis and the early Romantics saw themselves as innovators, the superficial, the transcendental world, the inner self, programmatically opposed. He started work on the 1798, the fragmentary nature novel “The Apprentices at Sais.” Here he proved himself as a romantic narrator, describing the path to self and nature in the romantic sense.

In the summer appeared “Flowers,” “faith and like” and other fragments of romantic poetry and philosophy. Novalis started this year, the “general rough drafts”, a month later, the first meeting held with Jean Paul. At the end of the year he became engaged to Julie von Charpentier (1776-1811). 1799 he first met Ludwig Tieck and Johann Gottfried von Herder. He finished the first “Sacred Songs” and the historical and philosophical manifesto “Christendom or Europe”, in which he the unit with the Middle Ages conjures as a representation of a state with individual and social relationships without ostensible possession and enjoyment of thought. It is the Golden Age, in which the early romantics crave with its unifying religious conviction.

Of 11 to 14 November 1799 meeting of Novalis, the brothers Dignified Wilhelm and Friedrich Schlegel, Ludwig Tieck, Wilhelm Joseph Schelling and the romantics knights meeting in Jena. Then started the work on Novalis’ Heinrich von Ofterdingen “. In April, he completed the first part of the symbolic artist novel. He remains a fragment. The fact is – programmatically – describes the way to the inside as opposed to rational nature, as in Goethe’s “Wilhelm Meister”. The creed is the poetic world of the creative imagination. The fact occurring “blue flower” became a symbol of romance. A year later, the hand-written translation of the “Hymns to the Night” finished. They appeared in a revised translation of the 6th Issue of the “Athenaeum” in Dignified 1799th

The “hymns” are the most significant poetry Novalis work. They process personal experiences and general information in a subjective way, mystical and religious thoughts, death experiences, and Fichte’s philosophy I find it to use a fanciful vision of a Kingdom of like, which is touted as a poetic religious conviction. He then studied extensively the works of the mystic Jacob Boehme. His health deteriorated from September 1800.

Novalis died on 25 March 1801 in Weissenfels, probably due to pulmonary tuberculosis.